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Appendix Table 4. Average Number of Screening Examinations and Life-Years Gained, by Screening Strategy

Screening Strategy Average Screenings per 1000 Womena Life-Years Gained per 1000 Women (vs. No Screening), by Modelb
D E G M S W
Efficient strategies (not dominated in 5 or 6 of 6 models)
Biennial screening, ages 60-69 y 4,263 51 49 61 43 52 39
Biennial screening, ages 55-69 y 6,890 73 78 91 62 80 64
Biennial screening, ages 50-69 y 8,947 88 107 111 82 99 84
Biennial screening, ages 50-74 y 11,066 106 116 128 96 121 95
Biennial screening, ages 40-79 y 17,241 133 161 164 122 151 136
Biennial screening, ages 40-84 y 18,708 140 164 167 126 158 140
Annual screening, ages 40-79 y 34,078 170 224 188 123c 202 198
Annual screening, ages 40-84 y 36,550 177 227 192 128 210 202
Borderline strategies (dominated in 2-4 of 6 models)
Biennial screening, ages 40-69 y 11,694 102c 129 136 99 116c 109
Biennial screening, ages 50-79 y 12,366 114 122c 136c 103 130 99
Biennial screening, ages 50-84 y 13,837 121 124c 139c 108 138 103
Biennial screening, ages 40-69 y 13,831 108c 147 140 101c 120c 121
Annual screening, ages 45-69 y 22,546 131c 179 152c 103c 152c 155
Annual screening, ages 50-79 y 24,419 145 166c 154c 112c 170 142c
Annual screening, ages 50-84 y 26,905 152 169c 157c 116c 178 146c
Annual screening, ages 40-69 y 27,428 142c 206 162c 103c 164c 180
Inefficient/dominated strategies (dominated in all 6 models)
Annual screening, ages 60-69 y 8,438 65c 69c 71c 53c 69c 56c
Annual screening, ages 55-69 y 13,009 91c 107c 100c 68c 102c 90c
Annual screening, ages 50-69 y 17,733 117c 148c 128c 91c 132c 123c
Annual screening, ages 50-74 y 21,330 134c 160c 144c 104c 156c 135c

a Average number of mammograms across models. Not all possible mammograms in the age group are obtained in strategies that continue to the oldest age groups, because many women die of other causes before screening would occur.
b Model group abbreviations: D = Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; E = Erasmus Medical Center; G = Georgetown University; M = M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; S = Stanford University; W = University of Wisconsin/Harvard.
c Strategy is dominated within a specific model. Strategy is classified as dominated if another strategy (from the efficient, borderline or inefficient/dominated category) results in an equal or higher gain in life-years with fewer average screening examinations.

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